{"id":4921,"date":"2020-03-15T01:45:41","date_gmt":"2020-03-14T21:45:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/veteran.az\/?p=4921"},"modified":"2020-03-15T01:45:43","modified_gmt":"2020-03-14T21:45:43","slug":"terentino-nec%c9%99-karantin-oldu-dunyada-karantin-ilk-d%c9%99f%c9%99-harada-v%c9%99-nec%c9%99-t%c9%99tbiq-olunub","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/?p=4921","title":{"rendered":"«Terentino» nec\u0259 \u201cKarantin\u201d oldu? — D\u00fcnyada karantin ilk d\u0259f\u0259 harada v\u0259 nec\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunub"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00c7inin Uhan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 koronavirusun yay\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra, dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00c7in karantind\u0259dir. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 \u00c7in deyil, qorxunc virusun bula\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r ard-arda karantin rejimin\u0259 ke\u00e7irl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karantin t\u0259tbiqinin tarixi <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karantin haqq\u0131nda bilm\u0259diyiniz maraql\u0131 faktlar\u0131 t\u0259qdim edirik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin \u0259n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rib. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259ba, taun. c\u00fczam v\u0259.s bu kimi bir \u00e7ox epidemiya x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri var idi. Bu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rd\u0259n milyonlarla insan \u00f6ld\u00fc. M\u00fcasir tibbin ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259si il\u0259 epidemiyalar azalma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131, amma t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, tamamil\u0259 yoxa \u00e7\u0131xmad\u0131. N\u0259hay\u0259t, \u00c7inin Uhan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n koronavirus q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karantin s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn q\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131qlamas\u0131: Yoluxucu bir x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259li v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 insanlar\u0131 v\u0259 heyvanlar\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259liyin \u0259n uzun inkubasiya d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 he\u00e7 kiml\u0259 t\u0259masda olmamaqla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259n t\u0259dbirl\u0259rdir.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Epidemiya x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259n b\u0259ri ya\u015fansa da, bu s\u00f6z sonradan m\u00fcasir dil\u0259 \u00e7evrilib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"karantina\"\/<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tarixd\u0259 ilk karantin c\u00fczam x\u0259st\u0259liyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 olub. \u00c7ox sayda insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan bu x\u0259st\u0259lik b\u0259d\u0259nd\u0259 yaralar v\u0259 deformasiyalara s\u0259b\u0259b olub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, insanlar yoluxmamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u0259st\u0259 insanlardan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn q\u0259d\u0259r qa\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131lar. D\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259\u015fhur h\u0259kiml\u0259ri d\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n uzaqla\u015fma\u011f\u0131 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edirdil\u0259r. H\u0259tta bir \u00e7ox xalqlar\u0131n leksikonundan «c\u00fczaml\u0131dan qa\u00e7an kimi qa\u00e7maq» kimi idiomatik ifad\u0259 d\u0259 var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0259bab\u0259tin atas\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nan yunan h\u0259kimi Hippokrat v\u0259 Q\u0259dim Roman\u0131n \u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli h\u0259kiml\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan Qalen, v\u0259ba x\u0259st\u0259liyin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 «uzaqla\u015fma\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn q\u0259d\u0259r ev\u0259 gec burax\u0131lma\u011f\u0131» t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edirdi. 1300-c\u00fc ill\u0259rin ortalar\u0131nda Asiya, Avropa v\u0259 Afrika b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259ba yay\u0131lark\u0259n tibbin ver\u0259c\u0259yi \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t bu idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancaq o vaxt karantin s\u00f6z\u00fc h\u0259l\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz edilmirdi. Karantinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 14-c\u00fc \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda Avropan\u0131 silk\u0259l\u0259y\u0259n v\u0259ba epidemiyas\u0131ndan sonra ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"karantina\"\/<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1347-ci ild\u0259 Avropan\u0131n c\u0259nubuna \u00e7atan v\u0259ba 1350-ci ild\u0259 \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259, Almaniya v\u0259 Rusiyaya s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 yay\u0131ld\u0131. Bu epidemiyada Avropa \u0259halisinin \u00fc\u00e7d\u0259 birinin yoxa \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259xmin edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00fcz minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yoluxucu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 ciddi t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri misal g\u0259tir\u0259k:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. 1374-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Milan\u0131n sahibi Barnabas Viskonti v\u0259baya yoluxan x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131b uzaq yerl\u0259r\u0259 apar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259mr etmi\u015fdi. Barnabas\u0131n \u0259mrin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259min x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin orada ya sa\u011falma\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ya da \u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6zl\u0259y\u0259n m\u0259sul \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r olmal\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Aral\u0131q d\u0259nizinin s\u0131x limanlar\u0131ndan biri olan Ragusada (Xorvatiyan\u0131n Dubrovnik \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri) \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin ba\u015f h\u0259kimi Jacobo de Padua, m\u00fcalic\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xaricd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin giri\u015find\u0259n q\u0131raqda \u00e7ad\u0131rlarda saxlan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u00f6vsiyy\u0259 edirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1348-1351-ci il\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259ba x\u0259st\u0259liyinin avropada yay\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu t\u0259dbirl\u0259r t\u0259sirli olmad\u0131qda, yeni bir t\u0259tbiq ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu t\u0259tbiqin ad\u0131 «Terentino» idi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259, v\u0259ba x\u0259st\u0259liyin\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalan b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 girm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r 30 g\u00fcn n\u0259zar\u0259t alt\u0131nda qalmal\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunun ard\u0131ndan 80 il\u0259 yax\u0131n bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 bu c\u00fcr a\u011f\u0131r epidemiyalarda bu \u00fcsuldan istifad\u0259 edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikd\u0259 Venesiya Respublikas\u0131 bu t\u0259tbiqi 1423-c\u00fc ild\u0259 daha da inki\u015faf etdirdi. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259lik \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r x\u00fcsusi ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ki\u00e7ik bir adaya g\u00f6nd\u0259rilirdi. Venesiyal\u0131lar \u201cLazaretto Vecchio\u201d adl\u0131 ki\u00e7ik bir adada tarixd\u0259ki ilk t\u0259crid x\u0259st\u0259xanas\u0131n\u0131 qurdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"karantina\"\/<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cLazaretto Vecchio\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu praktikadan ba\u015fqa, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n g\u0259mil\u0259r, epidemiyan\u0131n paytaxta yoluxmamas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 40 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin sahilind\u0259n uzaq d\u0259niz k\u0259nar\u0131nda saxlan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259rni\u015finl\u0259r v\u0259 ekipaj g\u0259mid\u0259n d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259li, y\u00fckl\u0259ri bo\u015faltmal\u0131 v\u0259 adan\u0131n ortas\u0131ndak\u0131 anbara aparmal\u0131 idi. Adada h\u0259min \u0259\u015fyalar sirk\u0259, qaynar su v\u0259 d\u0259rman bitkil\u0259rinin buxar\u0131 il\u0259 dezinfeksiya edilm\u0259li idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Venesiya respublikas\u0131 d\u00fcnyada ilk karantin sistemini t\u0259tbiq etdi. «Terentino» ad\u0131 t\u0259crid prosesinin 30 g\u00fcnd\u0259n 40 g\u00fcn\u0259 uzad\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n «Quarantino» olaraq d\u0259yi\u015fdirildi v\u0259 bu s\u00f6z «Karantin» oldu.\/musavat.com\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7inin Uhan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 koronavirusun yay\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra, dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00c7in karantind\u0259dir. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 \u00c7in…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarix"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","covernews-slider-full":"","covernews-slider-center":"","covernews-featured":"","covernews-medium":"","covernews-medium-square":""},"author_info":{"display_name":"Veteran.az","author_link":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/?author=3"},"category_info":"Tarix<\/a>","tag_info":"Tarix","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4921"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4921\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4923,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4921\/revisions\/4923"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}