Stepan Razin h\u0259yat hekay\u0259sinin \u0259sas m\u0259qamlar\u0131ndan biri \u0130ranl\u0131 \u015fahzad\u0259 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259sidir. Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 mahn\u0131, \u015feir, \u0259fsan\u0259l\u0259r yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Razin zal\u0131m v\u0259 q\u0259lbsiz bir \u015f\u0259xs kimi t\u0259svir olunur v\u0259 o, \u00f6z m\u0259qs\u0259din\u0259 \u00e7atmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259r \u015feyi qurban verm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r idi. T\u0259bii ki, h\u0259min d\u00f6vr\u00fcn hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u0259 bel\u0259 bir qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n, h\u0259tta Razinin m\u0259nfi imicin\u0259 malik idi, \u00e7\u00fcnki Stepan \u0259halinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7oxlu m\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7i v\u0259 heyran\u0131n\u0131 tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Deyil\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0130ran basq\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n birind\u0259 Stepan g\u00f6z\u0259l bir \u015fahzad\u0259ni \u0259sir tutdu. Ondan \u00e7ox xo\u015fu g\u0259ldi, o, evl\u0259nm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn toy sifari\u015fl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qaydalara uy\u011fun q\u0259rar verdi. Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, komandas\u0131 v\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7il\u0259ri \u00f6z ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, onlar\u0131 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259li \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259 m\u00fcbadil\u0259 etdiyini v\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi xo\u015fb\u0259xtliy\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 and i\u00e7dikl\u0259rini xat\u0131rlatd\u0131lar. Onlara bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin z\u0259r\u0259ri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbut etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n Stepan, \u015fahzad\u0259ni suya atma\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f azad h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tiyl\u0259 bayrama davam etm\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259rar verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu hekay\u0259nin bir m\u00fc\u0259llifi var. Rusiyada ilk d\u0259f\u0259 onlar bunu Jan Streys t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n «\u00dc\u00e7 yaddaqalan … s\u0259f\u0259r» (S. Yur\u00e7enkonun t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259si il\u0259 1880-ci il) kitab\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015fl\u0259r. B\u0259zi rus aliml\u0259ri v\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli xadiml\u0259r bunu 17-ci \u0259srin sonlar\u0131nda orijinaldan oxudular, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, \u0259s\u0259rin t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edilm\u0259sini B\u00f6y\u00fck Pyotr \u0259mr etdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kitabda, x\u00fcsusil\u0259, bel\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 rast g\u0259linir: «… \u00c7ox s\u0259rxo\u015f oldu\u011fundan (Razin) qay\u0131\u011f\u0131nn k\u0259nar\u0131na uzan\u0131b Volqan\u0131n lal ax\u0131n\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259li bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bax\u0131r v\u0259 q\u0131\u015fq\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131:» M\u0259nim olan h\u0259r \u015fey\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259 borcluyam. S\u0259n m\u0259nin \u015f\u0259r\u0259f v\u0259 \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259timin atas\u0131 oldun, amma h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 siz\u0259 bir \u015fey qurban verm\u0259dim «.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
O, q\u0131z\u0131l z\u0259rli libas geyinmi\u015f \u00fcz\u0259ri inci v\u0259 qiym\u0259tli da\u015flarla b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015f \u015fahzad\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131 suya atd\u0131. O, g\u00f6z\u0259l v\u0259 n\u0259cib bir q\u0131z\u0131 idi, h\u0259m d\u0259 qorxunc \u0259sirlik hissl\u0259ri il\u0259 onu sevirdi …<\/p>\n\n\n\n
«Do\u011frudur, yerli tarix\u00e7il\u0259r, \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 monarxiyan\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etmi\u015fl\u0259r v\u0259 \u00fcsyan\u00e7\u0131 Stepan Razinin \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti onlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sad\u0259c\u0259, m\u0259nfi m\u00fcnasib\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259n qiyam\u00e7\u0131 olub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Razinin \u015fahzad\u0259 \u0259leyhin\u0259 olan «cinay\u0259tinin ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131» n\u0131n ba\u015fqa bir maraql\u0131 fakt\u0131 var. XX \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda SSR\u0130 Xarici \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri A.A. Grom\u0131ko tarixl\u0259 maraqlan\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130ran n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 apar\u0131lacaq dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlardan \u0259vv\u0259l, «ke\u00e7mi\u015fin qaranl\u0131q s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rinin» \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259 ziyan verm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yi tap\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Partiyan\u0131n sifari\u015fi il\u0259 x\u00fcsusi xidm\u0259t orqanlar\u0131 ataman v\u0259 onun ordusunun he\u00e7 bir \u0259fsan\u0259vi v\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bir iranl\u0131n\u0131 (S.Mazurkevi\u00e7, «Stepan Razin v\u0259 \u0130ran \u015fahzad\u0259si») \u0259sir g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259diyini g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n \u0259trafl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat apard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u0259m\u00e7inin, sakral qurban verm\u0259 ayini \u00e7ox q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 aid oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 do\u011furur. Dem\u0259k olar ki, bel\u0259 mifoloji motivl\u0259r h\u0259r bir xalq\u0131n folklor \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin \u0259sas m\u00f6vzusudur. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, Volqa xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n bir s\u0131ra \u0259fsan\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259, \u015fahzad\u0259 haqq\u0131nda \u0259fsan\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 deyiliir ki, \u0259slind\u0259 Rusiyan\u0131n «k\u00f6lg\u0259li q\u0131z\u0131» Solomonid (v\u0259 ya S\u00fcleymaniyy\u0259) idi. Volqa sular\u0131nda o, he\u00e7 d\u0259 bo\u011fulmad\u0131, h\u0259tta sualt\u0131 krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 oldu v\u0259 Razin\u0259, Kazaklara (P. I. Melnikov-Pechersky «Ormanlarda») f\u0259al k\u00f6m\u0259k etdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dig\u0259r bir qeyri-d\u0259qiqlik is\u0259, onunla m\u00fcasir olmu\u015f n\u0259sill\u0259rin — «\u015fahidl\u0259rin» «xatir\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki» s\u00fcbutlar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verm\u0259y\u0259n bir c\u0259h\u0259t is\u0259 bu hadis\u0259nin f\u0259rqli \u00e7aylar\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Fabrisiusda Yaik (Ural), Streysd\u0259 Volqa, dig\u0259rind\u0259 is\u0259 Razinin h\u0259mm\u00fcasiri olmu\u015f Artemy is\u0259 Voqan\u0131n sol qolu olan Kerjanka \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131 «Ataman\u0131n sevgilisinin» bo\u011fulma yeri adland\u0131r\u0131r. Tarix muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 arxivl\u0259rind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan ataman\u0131n sorgulara verdiyi izahatlar\u0131n t\u0259svirl\u0259rini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaqla, onun \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti m\u00fcbahis\u0259li v\u0259 qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n olaraq qal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u0259r halda o, bir anda \u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00e7ayda \u00fc\u00e7 bakir\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131 bo\u011fduracaq q\u0259d\u0259r manyak deyildi …\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Stepan Razin h\u0259yat hekay\u0259sinin \u0259sas m\u0259qamlar\u0131ndan biri \u0130ranl\u0131 \u015fahzad\u0259 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259sidir. Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 mahn\u0131,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":188,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin.jpg",960,528,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin-300x165.jpg",300,165,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin-768x422.jpg",640,352,true],"large":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin.jpg",640,352,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin.jpg",960,528,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin.jpg",960,528,false],"covernews-slider-full":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin.jpg",960,528,false],"covernews-slider-center":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin-936x528.jpg",800,451,true],"covernews-featured":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin.jpg",960,528,false],"covernews-medium":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin-720x380.jpg",540,285,true],"covernews-medium-square":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/S_Razin-675x450.jpg",375,250,true]},"author_info":{"display_name":"Veteran.az","author_link":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/?author=3"},"category_info":"Tarix<\/a>","tag_info":"Tarix","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=187"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":189,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187\/revisions\/189"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}