<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\""F\u018fDA\u0130"](\"https:\/\/i.resimyukle.xyz\/Od9OOJ.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nBel\u0259likl\u0259, Difai Partiyas\u0131 bu B\u0259yannam\u0259si il\u0259, H\u00fcseyn Baykaran\u0131n qeyd etdiyi kimi, Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, Qafqaz m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u0131n «\u00f6l\u00fcm-qal\u0131m» m\u00fcbariz\u0259sini a\u00e7\u0131qca ortaya qoyaraq \u00f6z siyasi platformas\u0131n\u0131 elan etmi\u015f oldu. Sonrak\u0131 i\u015f is\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatdan as\u0131l\u0131 idi. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n vilay\u0259tl\u0259rini dola\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130lk olaraq o Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ikinci paytaxt\u0131 say\u0131lan G\u0259nc\u0259y\u0259 yola d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f v\u0259t\u0259nsev\u0259r mill\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k orada «Difai» t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131 yaratd\u0131. \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y Xasm\u0259mm\u0259dov v\u0259 qarda\u015f\u0131 \u018fl\u0259sg\u0259r b\u0259y Xasm\u0259mm\u0259dov, doktor H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y A\u011fayev, \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y R\u0259fib\u0259yli, \u015eeyx\u00fclislam Axund Molla M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Pi\u015fnamazzad\u0259, gimnaziyada din m\u00fc\u0259llimi i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n Mirz\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Axundzad\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259llim Mirz\u0259 Cavad, g\u0259nc m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rd\u0259n \u0130dris Axundzad\u0259 v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259sis olunan «Difai» T\u0259\u015fkilat Komit\u0259sinin \u00fczvl\u0259ri idil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na\u011f\u0131 b\u0259y \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn «Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fccadil\u0259si Xatir\u0259l\u0259ri»nd\u0259 yaz\u0131r: «O vaxt gizli t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131m\u0131z ilham\u0131n\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 ir\u0259li g\u0259l\u0259n mill\u0259tp\u0259rv\u0259rl\u0259rimizd\u0259n al\u0131rd\u0131. Onlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y, iki qarda\u015f Xasm\u0259mm\u0259dli \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r v\u0259 \u018fl\u0259sg\u0259r, Yusifb\u0259yli N\u0259sib b\u0259y, doktor H\u0259s\u0259n A\u011fao\u011flu dururdular. Bu b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u0259rimiz A\u011fao\u011flu \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259yi ax\u015fam yem\u0259yin\u0259 d\u0259v\u0259t ed\u0259rk\u0259n xeyli s\u00f6hb\u0259t apar\u0131rlar. Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi qaranl\u0131q oldu\u011fu v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131da ruslar erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u0259li il\u0259 h\u0259r bir pisliyi ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yenid\u0259n xalq\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k, rus idar\u0259si il\u0259 m\u00fccadil\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259 ruslara anlatmaq ki, asanl\u0131qla m\u0259hv olmayaca\u011f\u0131q. Ruslar\u0131n g\u00f6zl\u0259rini qorxutmaq. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn gizli bir t\u0259dhi\u015f komit\u0259si yaratma\u011fa, gizli firq\u0259ni «Difai» firq\u0259si dey\u0259 adland\u0131rma\u011fa q\u0259rar verirl\u0259r» (N. \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131. «Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fccadil\u0259si xatir\u0259l\u0259ri», B., 1997, s\u0259h.20). Na\u011f\u0131 b\u0259y \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131 xatir\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131r: «Bu hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra rus idar\u0259\u00e7il\u0259ri qorxu i\u00e7ind\u0259 h\u0259r h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rini \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcb-bi\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k add\u0131m at\u0131rd\u0131lar, dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n «Difai» firq\u0259sinin kiml\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olundu\u011funu bilm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdil\u0259r. Amma \u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259ri bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131, xalq\u0131m\u0131zdan bir \u015fey \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259 bilm\u0259zdil\u0259r, \u00e7\u00fcnki, xalq bir \u015fey bilmirdi, bils\u0259 d\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259zdi. H\u00f6kum\u0259t ara-s\u0131ra axtar\u0131\u015flar apar\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin, n\u0259tic\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131rd\u0131. «Difai» firq\u0259sinin he\u00e7 bir yerd\u0259 qeydi yox idi, ancaq bir m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fc var idi. Bu m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fcn kimd\u0259 oldu\u011funu, firq\u0259ni idar\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259ri bilmirdil\u0259r. Rus idar\u0259si «Difai» firq\u0259sinin bir \u00fczv\u00fcn\u00fc tap\u0131b x\u0259b\u0259r ver\u0259n\u0259 v\u0259 yaxud m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fc \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259n\u0259 50 min rubl v\u0259d etmi\u015fdi. Buna baxmayaraq, he\u00e7 bir d\u0259yi\u015fiklik olmad\u0131, lakin ruslar\u0131n etdikl\u0259ri z\u00fclml\u0259r art\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n firq\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir vaxt \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dayand\u0131rmaq m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qald\u0131».<\/p>\n\n\n\n «Difai»nin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda apar\u0131lan \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Qaraba\u011f, Bak\u0131 v\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131 vilay\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan T\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7di. Rus \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n yerli \u00e7inovnikl\u0259ri art\u0131q silah\u0131n ucunun onlara t\u0259r\u0259f \u00e7evrildiyinin f\u0259rqin\u0259 vararaq g\u00fcrc\u00fc \u0259silzad\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259li il\u0259 m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti d\u0259 olsa bar\u0131\u015f\u0131q yarada bildil\u0259r. H\u0259r iki t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 nisbi sakitlik yarand\u0131. Lakin 1905-ci il inqilab\u0131n\u0131n g\u0259tirdiyi h\u0259y\u0259canlar davam edirdi. Art\u0131q erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u0131q \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fdi, ancaq erm\u0259nil\u0259ri t\u00fcrkl\u0259r \u0259leyhin\u0259 t\u0259hrik \u0259d\u0259n \u00e7ar idar\u0259sinin fitn\u0259l\u0259ri davam etm\u0259kd\u0259 idi. «Difai» bunun da \u0259lac\u0131n\u0131 tap\u0131r: «»Difai» Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259ri bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni d\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 etdil\u0259r \u2013 erm\u0259nil\u0259ri t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259hrik ed\u0259n rus idar\u0259sinin y\u00fcks\u0259k v\u0259zif\u0259li m\u0259murlar\u0131 aradan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259c\u0259kdi. Bu, «Difai» Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259rar\u0131 idi…» (H\u00fcseyn Baykara, Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fcbariz\u0259si Tarixi, s\u0259h. 124). «Difai» firq\u0259sinin ilk «n\u0259h\u0259ng» qurban\u0131 G\u0259nc\u0259 qubernatorunun m\u00fc\u015faviri Kre\u015f\u00e7inski olur. G\u0259nc\u0259 qubernatorunun m\u00fc\u015faviri Kre\u015f\u00e7inski \u015eu\u015fada oldu\u011fu zaman erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259klik etmi\u015fdi. Kre\u015f\u00e7inskini \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn «Difai» Partiyas\u0131 G\u0259nc\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri \u00f6z aralar\u0131nda p\u00fc\u015fk at\u0131rlar v\u0259 p\u00fc\u015fk G\u0259nc\u0259nin Topalh\u0259s\u0259n k\u0259ndinin sakini S\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Kre\u015f\u00e7inski \u00e7ox ke\u00e7mir ki, G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 el\u0259 \u00f6z evinin qaba\u011f\u0131ndaca layiq oldu\u011fu c\u0259zan\u0131 al\u0131r. Q\u0259tlin ert\u0259si g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn gec\u0259si «Difai» firq\u0259sinin m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fcyl\u0259 divarlara b\u0259yannam\u0259l\u0259r yap\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu rus m\u0259murlar\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck qorxu yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n «Rus idar\u0259sinin h\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131nda «Difai»nin adamlar\u0131 var idi, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259 Rus Milli T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyind\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7i v\u0259 katib S\u0259dr\u0259ddin ad\u0131nda \u00e7ox qiym\u0259tli bir qarda\u015f var idi. Bir g\u00fcn o qarda\u015f «Difai» firq\u0259sinin \u00fczv\u00fc oldu\u011funu t\u0259xmin\u0259n bil\u0259n birisin\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, Molla Had\u0131 ad\u0131nda bir n\u0259f\u0259r gizli olaraq Rus Milli T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik Komit\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259lib v\u0259 be\u015f d\u0259qiq\u0259 sonra tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir erm\u0259ni m\u00fcf\u0259tti\u015fini ota\u011f\u0131na apar\u0131r, z\u0259nnimc\u0259, erm\u0259ni Molla Had\u0131ya t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7ilik edir, xeyli qal\u0131rlar v\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t edirl\u0259r. «Difai» toplant\u0131lar\u0131na ara verir, ancaq b\u00fct\u00fcn q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ruslar\u0131n n\u0259yi t\u0259qib etdikl\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n S\u0259dr\u0259ddin b\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 il\u0259 maraqlanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6r\u00fcrl\u0259r. Molla Had\u0131 pusqu alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. T\u0259hqiqat n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Molla Had\u0131n\u0131n ruslara sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nilir. Molla Had\u0131n\u0131n qohumlar\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, haradan v\u0259 n\u0259 zaman G\u0259nc\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259ldiyi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131r. Ancaq \u00f6yr\u0259nilir ki, Molla Had\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fclki paltar geyinmi\u015f bir polis n\u0259f\u0259ri h\u0259r ax\u015fam evin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fchafizlik edir. G\u00fcnd\u00fcz vaxt\u0131 da h\u0259min polis n\u0259f\u0259ri onu t\u0259qib edir. «Difai» firq\u0259si Molla Had\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259tlin\u0259 q\u0259rar verir v\u0259 bir g\u044cn sonra o, \u0446ld\u044cr\u044cl\u044cr. Polisl\u0259r c\u0259naz\u0259ni g\u0446t\u044crm\u044crl\u0259r, b\u044ct\u044cn g\u044cn evind\u0259 qal\u0131r. Mollalardan he\u00e7 k\u0259s c\u0259naz\u0259 namaz\u0131n\u0131 q\u0131l\u0131b d\u0259fn etm\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259sar\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmirl\u0259r. N\u0259hay\u0259t, Molla Musa ad\u0131nda bir n\u0259f\u0259r «Difai»nin \u00fczv\u00fc t\u0259xmin etdiyi birisin\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 deyir, «c\u0259naz\u0259 evd\u0259 qal\u0131b. S\u0259n izn ver, gedib namaz q\u0131l\u0131b, d\u0259fn etdirim». H\u0259min k\u0259s hirsl\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k mollaya cavab verir: «M\u0259n\u0259 n\u0259, niy\u0259 m\u0259nd\u0259n soru\u015fursan, kim s\u0259n\u0259 bir \u015fey ed\u0259r?!» Molla Musa bunu «Difai» t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n izin sayaraq Molla Had\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259fn etdirir» (N.\u015eeyxzamanl\u0131. «Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fccadil\u0259si xatir\u0259l\u0259ri», B., 1997, s\u0259h.21). Rafael H\u00fcseynov yaz\u0131r: «Ruslar\u0131n t\u0259zyiqi art\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n firq\u0259 \u00f6z f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t\u0259 dondurmaq m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qald\u0131. Buna s\u0259b\u0259b \u0259ld\u0259 edilmi\u015f bir x\u0259b\u0259r idi. Rus idar\u0259sinin h\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131nda «Difai»nin adamlar\u0131 var idi, bilxass\u0259 Rus Milli T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik \u0130dar\u0259sind\u0259 S\u0259dr\u0259ddin adl\u0131 \u00e7ox qiym\u0259tli arxada\u015f t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7i v\u0259 katib i\u015fl\u0259yirdi. O «Difai» Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc oldu\u011funu t\u0259xmin etdiyi bir n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, «Molla H\u0259di ismind\u0259 birisi gizlin olaraq Rus Milli T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik \u0130dar\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259lir v\u0259 5 d\u0259qiq\u0259 sonra tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir erm\u0259ni m\u00fcf\u0259tti\u015fin evin\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r. Z\u0259nnimc\u0259, erm\u0259ni molla H\u0259diy\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259rcimlik \u0259dir. Uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t qal\u0131b dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar…» Difai» Partiyas\u0131 aqrar m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fclk\u0259dar torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259v\u0259zsiz olaraq k\u0259ndlil\u0259r\u0259 paylanmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu. Proqramda daha geni\u015f inzibati \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcidar\u0259, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 din v\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 is\u0259 Qafqaz\u0131n v\u0259 Zaqafqaziyan\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131na muxtariyy\u0259t verilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259bli\u011f olunurdu. Partiya t\u0259hsilin yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas v\u0259zif\u0259 hesab edirdi. «Difai»nin M\u0259rk\u0259zi Komit\u0259si Bak\u0131da yerl\u0259\u015firdi. \u2026N\u00f6vb\u0259 siyasi partiyalara g\u0259lmi\u015fdi\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00f6rd saat davam ed\u0259n m\u00fczakir\u0259 sona \u00e7atmaqda idi. Bu vaxt bir erm\u0259ni yerind\u0259n qalxaraq dedi: «V\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar, bilirsinizmi ki, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin iki \u0259sas siyasi partiyalar\u0131 var \u2013 biri «Da\u015fnak», dig\u0259ri «Qn\u00e7ak» partiyas\u0131n\u0131n tarixini s\u00f6yl\u0259di v\u0259 dedi ki, bu partiyan\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259di qanun v\u0259 s\u00fclh i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 ya\u015famaqd\u0131r (Bu t\u0259klifd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l, Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rind\u0259n «\u018fd\u0259mi \u2013 m\u0259rk\u0259ziyy\u0259t» partiyas\u0131ndan bir n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si, erm\u0259nil\u0259rd\u0259n is\u0259 bir n\u0259f\u0259r «Da\u015fnak» n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sinin namiz\u0259dliyi q\u0259bul edilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Erm\u0259nil\u0259r «Qn\u00e7ak»dan da bir n\u0259f\u0259rin icra komit\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259msil olunmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar \u2013 V.\u018f.). M\u0259clis\u0259 bu partiyadan da bir n\u0259f\u0259r \u00fczv al\u0131nsa, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r he\u00e7 bir \u015fey itirm\u0259zl\u0259r. Ham\u0131 susurdu. M\u0259n d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc c\u0259rg\u0259d\u0259 \u0259yl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdim. Qabaqdak\u0131 bir yolda\u015fa dedim ki, s\u0259n d\u0259 qalx, bel\u0259 bir t\u0259klif ir\u0259li s\u00fcr. M\u0259\u015fhur «Difai» firq\u0259sind\u0259n d\u0259 bir \u00fczv al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ist\u0259 v\u0259 namiz\u0259d olaraq firq\u0259ni idar\u0259 ed\u0259n Na\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259klif el\u0259. O, s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc dinl\u0259di v\u0259 dedikl\u0259rimi etdi. M\u0259n qalxd\u0131m, ad\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kdim, \u00fcnvan\u0131m yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Yaz\u0131ld\u0131, amma erm\u0259ni v\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin g\u00f6zl\u0259ri m\u0259nd\u0259 idi. On il \u00e7ar idar\u0259sini d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t v\u0259 qorxu i\u00e7ind\u0259 saxlayan gizli «Difai» firq\u0259sinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sini g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r» (N.\u015eeyxzamanl\u0131. «Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fccadil\u0259si xatir\u0259l\u0259ri», B., 1997, s\u0259h.26). T\u0259klifl\u0259r ke\u00e7ir. Bir h\u0259ft\u0259d\u0259n sonra Kerenskid\u0259n teleqram g\u0259lir. O, «Difai»nin tarixini, nizamnam\u0259si il\u0259 maraqlan\u0131r. Laz\u0131mi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r ona g\u00f6nd\u0259rilir v\u0259 «Difai» firq\u0259si olaraq a\u00e7\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131l\u0131r: «\u0130lk i\u015f olaraq g\u0259ncl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin h\u0259r bir m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259sind\u0259 «Difai» oca\u011f\u0131 qurduq. H\u0259rbi t\u0259lim v\u0259 t\u0259rbiy\u0259 apar\u0131lmaqda idi. \u0130ki ay ke\u00e7m\u0259d\u0259n bir h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259 hal\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259n «Difai» t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259 milli komit\u0259si ruslar\u0131n 218-ci v\u0259 219-cu ehtiyat alaylar\u0131n\u0131n silahlar\u0131n\u0131 alaraq \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rini \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259mir yolu vasit\u0259si il\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xartd\u0131. «Difai» firq\u0259si t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259rbi t\u0259lim v\u0259 t\u0259rbiy\u0259l\u0259ri rus \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rini, h\u0259tta erm\u0259nil\u0259ri d\u0259 qorxudurdu» (N.\u015eeyxzamanl\u0131. «Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fccadil\u0259si xatir\u0259l\u0259ri», B., 1997, s\u0259h.27).<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eu\u015fada erm\u0259nil\u0259r q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n t\u0446r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri zaman onlara k\u0446m\u0259klik ed\u0259n general Qolo\u015fanov \u0437ar\u0131n naibi, eyni zamanda, \u0437ar\u0131n \u0259misi Qrand\u044ck Nikolay Nikolayevi\u0437\u0259 raport verm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tiflis\u0259 gedir. Bu x\u0259b\u0259ri \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259n «Difai» Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u015eu\u015fadak\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n xalq aras\u0131nda igidliyi il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n v\u0259 tan\u0131nan H\u00fcs\u00fc adl\u0131 birisin\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 Qolo\u015fanovun ax\u0131r\u0131na \u00e7\u0131xmaq tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bir h\u0259ft\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259mi\u015f bu \u0259mr Tiflisd\u0259 yerin\u0259 yetirilir. «Difai»\u00e7il\u0259r H\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini qorumaq niyy\u0259til\u0259 onun \u0130rana qa\u00e7mas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259klik edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131 Tiflisd\u0259 ba\u015f vermi\u015f ba\u015fqa bir q\u0259tlin tarix\u00e7\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z «xatir\u0259l\u0259ri»nd\u0259 yaz\u0131r: «Bir h\u0259ft\u0259 sonra «Difai» firq\u0259si Bilal ad\u0131nda bir qaraba\u011fl\u0131n\u0131 general Kalas\u00e7apovu \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tiflis\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rir. H\u0259min Kalas\u00e7apov ki, Qaraba\u011fda diviziya komandiri olaraq, diviziyada olan erm\u0259ni \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fclki paltar geyindir\u0259r\u0259k t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259tmi\u015fdir. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tiflis\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259ril\u0259n Bilal 2 g\u00fcn sonra general\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc v\u0259 bu x\u0259b\u0259r rus idar\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rini narahat edirdi. H\u0259tta «Difai» firq\u0259sinin \u0259mri olmadan h\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 bel\u0259 q\u0259tl hadis\u0259l\u0259ri ba\u015f verirdi. Ancaq «Difai» firq\u0259si q\u0259rar verdiyi \u00f6l\u00fcml\u0259r\u0259 b\u0259ra\u0259t verirdi. «Difai» b\u0259yannam\u0259 yay\u0131rd\u0131» (N.\u015eeyxzamanl\u0131. «Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fccadil\u0259si xatir\u0259l\u0259ri», B., 1997, s\u0259h.20).<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u00f6b\u0259si \u015eu\u015fada xalq aras\u0131nda «d\u0259li sudya» ad\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131nan rus h\u0259rbi m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259sinin prokuroru Lunyakin \u0259rm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k etdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn «Difai»nin \u015eu\u015fa Komit\u0259sinin q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 aradan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259ki polis r\u0259isi Bannikov, T\u0259rt\u0259rd\u0259ki polis r\u0259isi Felikinski d\u0259 eyni s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n partiyan\u0131n q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 «daimi istirah\u0259t»\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilirl\u0259r. Bu siyah\u0131n\u0131 uzatmaq da olar. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda xalq\u0131n azadl\u0131q u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259sinin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259liyik. Sonralar «Difai» partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259zil\u0259ri Stol\u0131pinin irtica ill\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259bs olunur, b\u0259zil\u0259ri is\u0259 T\u00fcrk\u00fcstana s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilirl\u0259r (1908).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Qaraba\u011fa y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f t\u0259hdidl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bu t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 yerli \u015f\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259ri yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Qaraba\u011fda (\u015eu\u015fada) «Difai» Komit\u0259sinin \u00fczvl\u0259rind\u0259n N\u0259c\u0259fqulu a\u011fa Cavan\u015fir, Mircabbar a\u011fa A\u011famirov, Seyid Miri\u015f A\u011famirov, \u018ffrasiyab \u018fzimov, Al\u0131 ki\u015fi, \u0130sf\u0259ndiyar Alpouti, Z\u0259rg\u0259r M\u0259mi\u015f v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. 1907-ci ild\u0259 «Difai» t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n qanad\u0131 «Qaraba\u011f m\u0259clisi»nin f\u0259allar\u0131 k\u00fctl\u0259vi h\u0259bs\u0259 m\u0259ruz qald\u0131lar. Mart\u0131n 23 v\u0259 24-d\u0259 H\u00fcseyn M\u00fcn\u015fiyevi, \u018ffrasiyab \u018fzim\u043evu, M\u0259\u015f\u0259di \u015eamil Hac\u0131yevi, Z\u00fclf\u00fcqar b\u0259y Haqverdiyevi, Xudu\u015f Quliyevi, Kaz\u0131m b\u0259y Kaz\u0131mb\u0259y\u043evu v\u0259 M\u0259mm\u0259dc\u0259f\u0259r Muxtar\u043evu \u015eu\u015fa h\u0259bsxanas\u0131na sald\u0131lar. Tutulanlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxan quberniyas\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcn etdil\u0259r. M\u0259mm\u0259dc\u0259f\u0259r Muxtar\u043ev Iran t\u0259\u0259b\u0259si \u043eldu\u011fundan \u043enu \u0130rana y\u043ellad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Difai t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n n\u00fcfuzlu v\u0259 f\u0259al b\u00f6lm\u0259si m\u0259rk\u0259zi \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri olan Qaraba\u011f b\u00f6lm\u0259si idi. Onun 400-\u0259 yax\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1907-ci ilin ortalar\u0131ndan h\u0259min b\u00f6lm\u0259 Qaraba\u011f Birlik M\u0259clisini yarad\u0131r. Cavan\u015fir q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259isi 1907-ci ild\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259 qubernatoruna yaz\u0131rd\u0131 ki, » Qaraba\u011f Birlik M\u0259clisi m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n Hiday\u0259t xeyriyy\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tinin himay\u0259sind\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.» 1907-ci ilin mart\u0131nda G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 \u018fsg\u0259ra\u011fa Ad\u0131g\u00f6z\u0259lovun evind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f t\u0259\u015fkil edilir v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkil edil\u0259n gizli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 Bak\u0131 xanlar\u0131 da i\u015ftirak edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u0259min g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 Difai\u00e7il\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar q\u0259rara al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. Da\u015fnaks\u00fctyuna b\u0259nz\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkilat yarad\u0131ls\u0131n v\u0259 fiziki g\u00fcc t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259kl\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259td\u0259n g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259r al\u0131ns\u0131n. T\u0259\u015fkilat uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t Qaraba\u011f b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 yerli \u0259hali \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni n\u0259f\u0259s g\u0259tirmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eu\u015fa t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri: T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n Qaryagin \u015f\u00f6b\u0259si<\/p>\n\n\n\n Qaryagin q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259ft\u0259rxana r\u0259isinin Yelizavetpol (G\u0259nc\u0259) qubernatoru \u0130.V. Mitskevi\u00e7\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi m\u0259ktubda bu partiyan\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda bel\u0259 bir m\u0259lumat verilir ki, «Difai Partiyas\u0131 \u00f6z f\u0259aliyy\u0259tind\u0259 az v\u0259 ya \u00e7ox d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259t qazanm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 \u00f6z m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu bir s\u0131ra terror aktlar\u0131 il\u0259 , o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, Yelizavetpol qubernatorlu\u011funun valisi Kle\u015finskinin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si v\u0259 general Qolo\u015fanova sui-q\u0259sdl\u0259 qeyd etmi\u015fdir: bu partiyan\u0131n \u00f6z komit\u0259l\u0259ri, kassas\u0131, proqram\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259hali aras\u0131nda n\u00fcfuzu vard\u0131r. Bu partiya siyasi \u00e7alar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 demokratikdir. Partiyan\u0131n t\u0259rkibin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n tacirl\u0259r, k\u0259ndlil\u0259r, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 qism\u0259n d\u0259 h\u0259kiml\u0259r, v\u0259kill\u0259r daxildir. Xan v\u0259 b\u0259yl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn partiyan\u0131n qap\u0131lar\u0131 ba\u011fl\u0131 idi».<\/p>\n\n\n\n Qaryagin q\u0259zas\u0131nda «Difai» t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n A. V\u0259zirov T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n T\u0259rt\u0259r \u015f\u00f6b\u0259si<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u0259rt\u0259rd\u0259 partiya \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sin\u0259 M\u0259\u015f\u0259di Alim \u0130smay\u0131lov, M\u0259\u015f\u0259di Dada\u015f Muradxanov, M\u0259\u015f\u0259di F\u0259rhad V\u0259lib\u0259yov, M\u0259\u015f\u0259di Muxtar K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 \u0130bad o\u011flu ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q edirdi. \u015e\u00f6b\u0259nin t\u0259bli\u011fat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 M\u0259\u015f\u0259di Muxtar Zeynalov, Hac\u0131 \u0130brahim \u0130smay\u0131lov, K\u0259rb\u0259lay\u0131 Mahmud \u0130smay\u0131lov, M\u0259\u015f\u0259di R\u00fcst\u0259m Muradxanov, M\u0259\u015f\u0259di \u018fli Dada\u015fov idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n «Difai» t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri: Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n k\u0259silmi\u015f m\u0259murlar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259sini birba\u015fa \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n «Difai» h\u0259r bel\u0259 q\u0259tld\u0259n sonra m\u0259suliyy\u0259ti \u00f6z \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, \u00f6z m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fc il\u0259 b\u0259yannam\u0259d\u0259 yay\u0131rd\u0131. «Difai»nin m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrk\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir intiqam g\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin\u0259, bu mill\u0259tin qan\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r olan yadelli m\u0259murlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm m\u0259l\u0259yinin simas\u0131na d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. «Ancaq bir h\u0259qiq\u0259t vard\u0131 ki, rus idar\u0259sinin \u0259n q\u0259ddar i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rinin g\u00f6zl\u0259ri \u0259m\u0259lli ba\u015fl\u0131 qorxmu\u015fdu. Bel\u0259c\u0259 rus idar\u0259si il\u0259 «Difai» m\u00fccadil\u0259si 1906-c\u0131 ild\u0259n 1909-cu ilin ortalar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r davam etdi. Xalq\u0131m\u0131z da, «Difai» firq\u0259si d\u0259 \u0259min olmu\u015fdur ki, art\u0131q rus idar\u0259\u00e7il\u0259ri h\u0259r vasit\u0259 il\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rini xalq\u0131m\u0131za sevdirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Bu vaxt m\u0259n gizli t\u0259\u015fkilatda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131m. Y\u0131\u011f\u0131ncaqlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n birind\u0259 dostlar\u0131m\u0131zdan biri soru\u015fdu: «Art\u0131q «Difai» f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini dayand\u0131r\u0131b. M\u00f6h\u00fcr saxlan\u0131rm\u0131, yoxsa yox edilib?» Mirz\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d dedi: «Onu yox etm\u0259rik. O m\u00f6h\u00fcr g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k Az\u0259rbaycan muzeyind\u0259 saxlanacaq». Bel\u0259likl\u0259, m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fcn Mirz\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dd\u0259 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r» (N.\u015eeyxzamanl\u0131. «Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fccadil\u0259si xatir\u0259l\u0259ri», B., 1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Evd\u0259 axtar\u0131\u015f\u0131n apar\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 rus milli t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik \u015f\u00f6b\u0259si \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n «nam\u0259lum» m\u00f6h\u00fcr tapmalar\u0131, «Difai»\u00e7il\u0259ri ciddi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 alt\u0131na qoyurdu. Bu zaman k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik \u015e\u00f6b\u0259sinin katibi, «difai»\u00e7i S\u0259dr\u0259ddin g\u0259lir. \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131 v\u0259 S\u0259dr\u0259ddinin birg\u0259 qurduqlar\u0131 plan m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tl\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. S\u0259dr\u0259ddin el\u0259 h\u0259min gec\u0259nin s\u0259h\u0259ri \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131n\u0131n ona verdiyi inqilabi sosialist partiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fc il\u0259 seyfd\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan «Difai»nin m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0259yi\u015fir, izi itirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fc sobaya at\u0131b m\u0259hv edir. \u0130stintaq zaman\u0131 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin seyfind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xan m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fcn v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin is\u0259 Kru\u00e7kova m\u0259xsus oldu\u011fu sonuncunun \u00f6z\u00fc t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259sdiql\u0259ndiyind\u0259n, «Difai» bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n «quru» \u00e7\u0131xa bilir. Mirz\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d is\u0259 sosialist firq\u0259sinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259d\u0259 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn be\u015f illik s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilir. Onun s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar G\u0259nc\u0259 gimnaziyas\u0131nda bo\u015falan m\u00fc\u0259llimlik yerin\u0259 maarif c\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259n namiz\u0259dliyi ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f Mirz\u0259 H\u00fcseyni rus maarif m\u00fcdiri i\u015f\u0259 q\u0259bul etm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y R\u0259fib\u0259ylinin m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si v\u0259 «Difai»nin t\u0259zyiqi il\u0259 geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259li olur: «R\u0259fib\u0259yli klubda maarif m\u00fcdirind\u0259n gimnaziyaya Mirz\u0259 H\u00fcseynin t\u0259yin olunmamas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bini soru\u015fmu\u015f v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rin himay\u0259darlar\u0131n\u0131n bu \u015f\u0259xsin t\u0259yin olunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn israr etdikl\u0259rini s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015f v\u0259 demi\u015fdir ki, «Qorxuram ki, bir siyasi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xa bil\u0259r. «Difai» firq\u0259si is\u0259 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k Mirz\u0259 H\u00fcseynin t\u0259yin olunmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n xo\u015fag\u0259lm\u0259z bir hadis\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259r. Siz buna mane olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z, y\u0259ni Mirz\u0259 H\u00fcseyni t\u0259yin etm\u0259lisiniz». Maarif m\u00fcdiri bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t fikirl\u0259\u015fdikd\u0259n sonra ba\u015fqa \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yolu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u0259vv\u0259lki fikrind\u0259n v\u0259 q\u0259rar\u0131ndan vaz ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k G\u0259nc\u0259 gimnaziyas\u0131na Mirz\u0259 H\u00fcseyni m\u00fc\u0259llim t\u0259yin edir» (N.\u015eeyxzamanl\u0131. «Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130stiqlal M\u00fccadil\u0259si xatir\u0259l\u0259ri», B., 1997, s\u0259h.24). «Difai»nin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti tezlikl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda y\u0259ni radikal-milliyy\u0259t\u00e7i ruhlu t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n meydana g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259kan verdi. O zaman Bak\u0131da yarad\u0131l\u0131b \u015eu\u015fada f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n «M\u00fcs\u0259lman Xeyriyy\u0259 C\u0259miyy\u0259ti» v\u0259 «Qaraba\u011f Birlik M\u0259clisi» t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131 buna misal g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k olar. «Qaraba\u011f M\u0259clisi»nin ba\u015fl\u0131ca komit\u0259si \u015eu\u015fada yerl\u0259\u015firdi. Onun s\u0259dri K\u0259rim b\u0259y Mehmandarov idi. M\u0259clis yax\u015f\u0131 silahlanm\u0131\u015f 400 g\u0259ncd\u0259n ibar\u0259t d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f drujinas\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil etmi\u015fdi. Bu t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n proqram\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259di h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259t idar\u0259l\u0259rinin boykot edilm\u0259si, aqrar m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259, partiyan\u0131n t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 tabe olmayanlar\u0131n c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ibar\u0259t idi. «Qaraba\u011f Birlik M\u0259clisi» Partiyas\u0131n\u0131 yaratmaqda ba\u015fl\u0131ca m\u0259qs\u0259d is\u0259 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259siz ki, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 toqqu\u015fmalarda onlara layiq olduqlar\u0131 cavab\u0131 verm\u0259kdi. Bu partiya \u0259hali aras\u0131nda ba\u015f vermi\u015f cinay\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259rini ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r, g\u00fcnahkar\u0131 ya c\u0259rim\u0259 edir, ya da c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Bu is\u0259 cinay\u0259t hadis\u0259l\u0259rinin v\u0259 o\u011furlu\u011fun n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259\u00e7arpacaq d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 azalmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdu. 1907-ci il sentyabr\u0131n sonunda M\u0259clisin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 1908-ci ild\u0259 onun \u015eu\u015fa komit\u0259sinin \u00fczvl\u0259ri h\u0259bs edilir v\u0259 h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259t \u0259leyhin\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcs\u0259lman partiyas\u0131nda f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdikl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana s\u00fcrg\u00fcn olunurlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1907-ci ilin may ay\u0131nda korpus topoqraf\u0131 polkovnik \u0130brahim b\u0259y V\u0259kilov t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Tiflisd\u0259 yarad\u0131lan «M\u00fcdafi\u0259» partiyas\u0131 is\u0259 Yelizavetpol quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259rb hiss\u0259sind\u0259, Bor\u00e7al\u0131 v\u0259 Qazaxda xeyli n\u00fcfuza malik idi. Bu partiya da «Difai»nin proqram\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etmi\u015fdi. «M\u00fcdafi\u0259» k\u0259ndlil\u0259rin m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, onlar\u0131n m\u00fclk\u0259darlara verdikl\u0259ri b\u0259hr\u0259 vergisind\u0259n azad olunmas\u0131, m\u00f6vcud d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurulu\u015funun devrilm\u0259si kimi v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na m\u0259qs\u0259d qoymu\u015fdu. Partiyan\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi Vladiqafqazda yerl\u0259\u015firdi. T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n liderl\u0259ri kimi tarixi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259 A\u011fab\u0259y Qiyasb\u0259yovun, \u0130smay\u0131l Xan Ziyadxanovun v\u0259 C\u0259f\u0259r Axundovun adlar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. Partiyan\u0131n \u0259sas m\u00fcbariz\u0259 vasit\u0259l\u0259ri maarifl\u0259nm\u0259k v\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259 t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259k idi. Bu partiya \u00f6z f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini 1909-cu ild\u0259 dayand\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P.S. M\u00f6vzunu davam etdir\u0259c\u0259yik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fedai.az Ara\u015fd\u0131rma Qrupu<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" (T\u0259krar) «F\u0259dai ad\u0131yla ba\u011fl\u0131 tez-tez biz\u0259 suallar \u00fcnvanlay\u0131rlar. H\u0259tta bu s\u00f6z\u00fc erm\u0259nil\u0259r i\u015fl\u0259dir dey\u0259 bizl\u0259r\u0259…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1149,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veteran"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",660,432,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f-300x196.png",300,196,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",640,419,false],"large":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",640,419,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",660,432,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",660,432,false],"covernews-slider-full":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",660,432,false],"covernews-slider-center":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",660,432,false],"covernews-featured":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",660,432,false],"covernews-medium":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f-660x380.png",540,311,true],"covernews-medium-square":["https:\/\/veteran.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/rfe3f.png",382,250,false]},"author_info":{"display_name":"Veteran.az","author_link":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/?author=3"},"category_info":"Veteran d\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/a>","tag_info":"Veteran d\u00fcnyas\u0131","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1148"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1148\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1153,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1148\/revisions\/1153"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteran.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
1905-1906-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 ba\u015f vermi\u015f erm\u0259ni-t\u00fcrk qar\u015f\u0131durmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 «Difai» s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0259sl m\u0259nas\u0131nda «Qafqaz\u0131 qanl\u0131 s\u0259hn\u0259 hal\u0131na salmaq» bar\u0259d\u0259 verdiyi v\u0259d\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l etdi. G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n «C\u0259miyy\u0259ti-Xeyriyy\u0259» v\u0259 «N\u0259\u015fri-Maarif» c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin binas\u0131 q\u0259r\u0259rgaha \u00e7evrilmi\u015f v\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259nin \u0259n m\u00f6t\u0259b\u0259r, t\u0259dbirli, xalq aras\u0131nda s\u00f6z\u00fc ke\u00e7\u0259n adamlar\u0131ndan biri \u2013 \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y R\u0259fib\u0259yli bu h\u0259r\u0259kata r\u0259hb\u0259r se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdi. H\u00fcseyn Baykara yaz\u0131r: «\u018fks-h\u00fccum gec\u0259, qaranl\u0131q d\u00fc\u015f\u0259nd\u0259n sonra ba\u015flayacaqd\u0131, erm\u0259ni k\u0259ndl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259ri da\u011fl\u0131q t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n \u0259hat\u0259y\u0259 al\u0131naraq h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7il\u0259c\u0259kdi. Bu h\u0259r\u0259katda \u0259li silah tuta bil\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u0259h\u0259r camaat\u0131 v\u0259 da\u011flardan en\u0259r\u0259k k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n D\u0259li Al\u0131n\u0131n silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259si \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259yin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7dil\u0259r. ERM\u018fN\u0130L\u018fR T\u00d6R\u018fTD\u0130KL\u018fR\u0130 V\u018fH\u015e\u0130L\u0130KL\u018fR\u0130N \u018fV\u018fZ\u0130N\u0130 G\u00d6RD\u00dcL\u018fR…»
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<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\""F\u018fDA\u0130"](\"https:\/\/i.resimyukle.xyz\/GJc475.png\")
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Bel\u0259likl\u0259, G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259bsxanan\u0131n imam\u0131 olan m\u00fcs\u0259lman mollas\u0131 Molla Ataki\u015fi (Molla H\u0259di) rus gizli polisin\u0259 x\u0259fiyy\u0259\u00e7ilik ed\u0259r\u0259k «Difai»nin bir n\u0259\u00e7\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fcn\u00fc \u0259l\u0259 verdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn partiyan\u0131n q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259m\u0259 vasil edilir. «Xainin c\u0259naz\u0259sini polisl\u0259r qald\u0131r\u0131rlar, c\u0259s\u0259di b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcn evind\u0259 qal\u0131r. Mollalardan he\u00e7 kim c\u0259naz\u0259 namaz\u0131n\u0131 q\u0131l\u0131b onu d\u0259fn el\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 c\u00fcr\u0259t etmirdi…»<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1917-ci inqilab\u0131ndan sonra Kerenskinin m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, h\u0259r yerd\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 icra komit\u0259sinin t\u0259\u015fkili i\u015fin\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131l\u0131r. «Difai» ilk d\u0259f\u0259 olaraq burada \u00f6z \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259ki niqab\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr v\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Na\u011f\u0131 b\u0259y \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131 yaz\u0131r: «<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Qaraba\u011fda erm\u0259ni quldurlar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 C\u0259f\u0259r b\u0259y V\u0259zirov ba\u015fda olmaqla Difai d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri yerl\u0259\u015fdirilsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u0259rim b\u0259y Mehmandarov s\u0259dr
Cahangir xan Nurib\u0259yov k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7isi
Xudu\u015f Quliyev katib
M\u0259\u015f\u0259di \u015eamil Hac\u0131yev h\u0259rbi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n r\u0259isi
Muxtar b\u0259y Muradov
\u018ffrasiyab \u018fzimov
\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Daru\u011fa Axundov
Mirz\u0259 H\u00fcseyn b\u0259y M\u00fcn\u015fizad\u0259
Z\u00fclf\u00fcqar b\u0259y Haqverdiyev
M\u0259\u015f\u0259di Yusif Mirsiyabov
M\u0259mm\u0259dc\u0259f\u0259r Muxtarov
Hac\u0131 Sad\u0131q M\u0259mm\u0259dov
S\u00fcleyman \u018fsg\u0259rov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M. Axundov
Mirz\u0259 \u018fli Axundov
Hac\u0131 Muxtar Sad\u0131qov
M\u0259\u015f\u0259di Camal b\u0259y V\u0259zirov
Mirz\u0259 Camal Yusifzad\u0259
M\u0259mm\u0259dqulu xan Cavan\u015fir<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u0259\u015f\u0259di Dada\u015f Muradxanov
M\u0259\u015f\u0259di \u015e\u00fck\u00fcr b\u0259y Muradxanov
M\u0259\u015f\u0259di R\u00fcst\u0259m b\u0259y Muradxanov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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